Indonesiannews.co/ Jakarta, 19 Mei 2018. Indonesia Aviation and Aerospace Watch (IAAW); melalui Vice President IAAW Marsda TNI (Purn) H.Juwono Kolbioen, memberikan penjelasan tentang Dampak langsung Pengontrolan sebagian Kedaulatan Ruang Udara NKRI oleh pihak Asing (selama 72 tahun), terhadap Pertahanan Negara Republik Indonesia, sebagai berikut ; a. Terkait dengan Pertahanan Negara, pengendalian Ruang Udara oleh Singapura dapat menjadi “ancaman” pada kedaulatan negara di udara. Karena Singapura dapat dan tidak menutup kemungkinan melakukan tindakan “illegal” seperti kegiatan intelijen, pemotretan udara dan melatih para penerbangnya melaksanakan latihan/training di wilayah udara Indonesia.Dampak Pengontrolan Ruang Udara oleh Pihak Asing terhadap Pertahanan Negara RI
TNI AU
Bila keadaan ini terus berlanjut, dan apabila terjadi konflik terbuka, maka dengan sangat mudah dapat dijadikan strategi operasi udara yang merupakan ancaman bagi Negara Indonesia karena Singapura dapat dengan mudah memanfaatkan karakteristik keunggulan serta kekuatan udara berupa kecepatan dan pendadakan (Military). b. Pasal 8 ayat 3 Undang-Undang No 1 Tahun 2009, menyatakan bahwa; personil pemandu lalu lintas penerbangan wajib menginformasikan pesawat udara yang melanggar wilayah kedaulatan dan kawasan terlarang dan terbatas pada aparat yang tugas dan tanggungjawabnya di bidang pertahanan negara. Informasi lalu lintas udara berupa : informasi yang berkaitan dengan pergerakan setiap pesawat atau bentuk pelayanan informasi lainnya dan informasi yang terkini sesuai keadaan saat itu terhadap setiap pesawat; informasi posisi setiap pesawat yang berhubungan dengan pesawat lainnya; mengeluarkan ijin dan informasi untuk tujuan mencegah tabrakan antar pesawat yang sedang dikendalikan dan mempercepat serta mempertahankan pengendalian lalu lintas udara; melakukan koordinasi antar unit lain. c. Bahwa pertahanan negara bertitik tolak pada falsafah dan pandangan hidup bangsa Indonesia untuk menjamin keutuhan dan tetap tegaknya Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia yang berdasarkan Pancasila dan Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Pertahanan negara sebagai salah satu fungsi pemerintahan negara yang merupakan usaha untuk mewujudkan satu kesatuan pertahanan negara guna mencapai tujuan nasional, yaitu; “Untuk melindungi segenap bangsa dan seluruh tumpah darah Indonesia, memajukan kesejahteraan umum, mencerdaskan kehidupan bangsa dan ikut serta melaksanakan ketertiban dunia yang berdasarkan kemerdekaan, perdamaian abadi, dan keadilan sosial”. d. Dari sisi Pertahanan Udara telah terjadi hal yang sangat merugikan karena penggunaan ruang udara untuk penerbangan militer menjadi terbatas dan terbuka serta membuka peluang penetrasi dan penyalahgunaan oleh kekuatan udara negara asing / negara lain.
Dan harus dipahami bahwa; Air Traffic Service (ATS) berfungsi membantu pelaksanaan operasi pertahanan udara. Karena dalam kegiatan deteksi dan identifikasi sasaran ATS dapat digunakan sebagai sarana perlindungan dan keselamatan penerbangan pesawat tempur yang melaksanakan “Intersepsi”. Namun dengan adanya pengelolaan sebagian ruang udara Kedaulatan Indonesia oleh ATS negara lain, maka mengakibatkan keterpaduan seluruh ATS dengan sistem Pertahanan Udara Nasional menjadi terganggu. Secara teknis dapat dijelaskan sebagai berikut :
1) ATC Indonesia (JATSC) tidak dapat melaksanakan komunikasi langsung dengan pesawat udara untuk menanyakan: Tujuan, Rute dan Perijinan Penerbangan sebagai bentuk deteksi pada tahap awal oleh ATC dalam Operasi Hanud karena dikendalikan oleh Singapura dan Malaysia. 2) Pesawat TNI AU yang melaksanakan operasi udara di wilayah tersebut antara lain; Operasi Lintas Udara, Patroli Udara dan Operasi Pengamanan Laut harus senantiasa melaksanakan koordinasi dengan pihak ATC Singapura dan dikendalikan oleh ATC Singapura. 3) Terbatasnya luas Training Area (daerah latihan) yang digunakan oleh; Pesawat Skadron Udara 12 dan Skadron Udara 16 Pekanbaru, karena training area di area tersebut terpotong oleh FIR yang dikendalikan oleh Singapura. Kesimpulan
Pengontrolan atau Pengendalian Ruang Udara Kedaulatan RI, oleh negara lain, sangat berpengaruh terhadap sistem HANUDNAS sehingga menyebabkan kendala dalam melaksanakan Penegakan Hukum dan Kedaulatan Negara di Ruang Udara. Upaya pengambilalihan pengendalian ruang udara kedaulatan dari negara lain “MUTLAK” dilakukan oleh Indonesia, agar Indonesia mampu mengontrol seluruh Wilayah Udara Kedaulatannya. Hal ini juga terkait dengan masalah Keamanan Nasional (National Security) dan Martabat Nasional (National Dignity) sebagai bangsa yang berdaulat. (YN / indonesiannews.co – Jakarta)
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